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After someone is diagnosed with anal cancer, doctors will try to figure out if it has spread, and if so, how far. This process is called staging. The stage of a cancer describes how much cancer is in the body. It helps determine how serious the cancer is and how best to treat it.

Understanding prescribing trends for hepatitis C treatment in Ontario. Anal cancer typically develops over a period of years, beginning with a precancerous condition called anal dysplasia. Anal dysplasia occurs when clusters of abnormal cells form lesions in the mucosa lining of the anal canal between the anus and the rectum. The lesions typically form inside the anal canal or just outside the anal opening. Although there are over different types of the human papillomavirus HPV , anal dysplasia is usually caused by certain strains of HPV which can be transmitted sexually.

Ask your doctor to use this picture to show you where the cancer is. Solid waste poop comes out of the anus. There are many types of anal cancer. Most are rare. Your doctor can tell you more about the type you have.

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia AIN is a premalignant lesion of the anal mucosa that is a precursor to anal cancer. Although anal cancer is relatively uncommon, rates of this malignancy are steadily rising in the United States, and among certain high risk populations the incidence of anal cancer may exceed that of colon cancer. Risk factors for AIN and anal cancer consist of clinical factors and behaviors that are associated with the acquisition and persistence of human papilloma virus HPV infection. The strongest HPV-associated risk factors are HIV infection, receptive anal intercourse, and high risk sexual behavior. Because progression of AIN to anal cancer is known to occur in some individuals over several years, screening for AIN and early anal cancer, as well as treatment of advanced AIN lesions, is reasonable in certain high-risk populations.